Locomotion and Movement – Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis: NEET MCQs with Answers

14 free questions on Locomotion and Movement – Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

Syllabus covered: Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.

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Question 1

Previous-year question
Gout is a disorder which results in: [NEET 2022 (Overseas)]
  1. Inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals
  2. Weakening of bones due to decreased bone mass
  3. Inflammation of joints due to cartilage degeneration
  4. Weakening of bones due to low calcium level
Show answer
Answer: (A) Inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals
Explanation: Gout is inflammation of joints due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals. Decreased bone mass describes osteoporosis, and cartilage degeneration describes osteoarthritis.

Question 2

Previous-year question
Which of the following correctly pairs a disorder with its symptom? [NEET 2022]
  1. Tetany - high Ca²⁺ level causing rapid spasms.
  2. Myasthenia gravis - Genetic disorder resulting in weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle
  3. Muscular dystrophy - An autoimmune disorder causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle
  4. Arthritis - Inflamed joints
Show answer
Answer: (D) Arthritis - Inflamed joints
Explanation: Arthritis is inflammation of joints, so this pair is correct. Tetany is due to low (not high) Ca²⁺; myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder, and muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder — so those pairs are swapped/incorrect.

Question 3

Previous-year question
Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of the muscular or skeletal system. [AIPMT 2012]
  1. Muscular dystrophy — Age-related shortening of muscles
  2. Osteoporosis — Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age
  3. Myasthenia gravis — Autoimmune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments
  4. Gout — Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium
Show answer
Answer: (B) Osteoporosis — Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age
Explanation: Osteoporosis is correctly described as a decrease in bone mass with higher chances of fractures as age advances. The others need correction: muscular dystrophy involves progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle due to a genetic defect; myasthenia gravis affects the neuromuscular junction, causing fatigue, weakening and paralysis; and gout is an inherited disorder of purine metabolism, occurring especially in men, in which uric acid is deposited in the joints.

Question 4

Previous-year question
Select the correct statement with respect to disorders of muscles in humans. [NEET 2013]
  1. Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing
  2. Accumulation of urea and creatine in the joints causes their inflammation
  3. An overdose of vitamin-D causes osteoporosis
  4. Rapid contractions of skeletal muscles cause muscle dystrophy
Show answer
Answer: (A) Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing
Explanation: Myasthenia gravis involves the failure of neuromuscular transmission, and the resulting weakness of the skeletal muscles can prevent normal swallowing. The others are wrong: gouty arthritis results from excessive formation of, or the inability to excrete, uric acid; osteoporosis is linked to hormonal imbalances and to deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, not to an overdose; and muscular dystrophy is an inborn abnormality of muscle, not the result of rapid contraction.

Question 5

Previous-year question
Select the correct statement with respect to locomotion in humans. [NEET 2013]
  1. A decreased level of progesterone causes osteoporosis in old people
  2. Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation
  3. The vertebral column has 10 thoracic vertebrae
  4. The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a fibrous joint
Show answer
Answer: (B) Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation
Explanation: Gout is caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, which produces inflammation. The others need correction: the vertebral column has 12 thoracic vertebrae among its 26 serially arranged units; adjacent vertebrae are joined by cartilaginous joints; and it is a decreased level of oestrogen, not progesterone, that causes osteoporosis.

Question 6

Previous-year question
The lack of relaxation between successive stimuli in sustained muscle contraction is known as [NEET 2016, Phase I]
  1. fatigue
  2. tetanus
  3. tonus
  4. spasm
Show answer
Answer: (B) tetanus
Explanation: When a muscle receives stimuli in rapid succession, it gets no time to relax between them and the individual twitches fuse into a smooth, sustained contraction called tetanus. Fatigue is a different phenomenon, a decline in response after prolonged activity.

Question 7

Previous-year question
Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of the skeletal system, may occur due to [NEET 2016, Phase II]
  1. immune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue
  2. high concentration of Ca⁺⁺ and Na⁺
  3. decreased level of oestrogen
  4. accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints
Show answer
Answer: (C) decreased level of oestrogen
Explanation: Osteoporosis is caused by a decreased level of oestrogen. Oestrogen deficiency causes both the early and late forms of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women, in whom the oestrogen level falls during the menopausal transition. Osteoporosis is a thinning or weakening of the bones which makes them fragile and more likely to break.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
Which of the following muscular disorders is inherited? [NEET (National) 2019]
  1. Muscular dystrophy
  2. Myasthenia gravis
  3. Botulism
  4. Tetany
Show answer
Answer: (A) Muscular dystrophy
Explanation: Muscular dystrophy is an inherited muscular disorder in which the skeletal muscles degenerate progressively, caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein that helps keep muscle cells intact. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease; botulism is food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum; and tetany is an involuntary muscle contraction due to low calcium.

Question 9

Previous-year question
Match the following columns and select the correct option from the codes given below. Column I — A. Gout; B. Osteoporosis; C. Tetany; D. Muscular dystrophy Column II — 1. Decreased levels of oestrogen; 2. Low Ca²⁺ ions in the blood; 3. Accumulation of uric acid crystals; 4. Autoimmune disorder; 5. Genetic disorder [NEET (Oct.) 2020]
  1. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
  2. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-5
  3. A-4, B-5, C-1, D-2
  4. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Show answer
Answer: (B) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-5
Explanation: Gout is inflammation of the joints due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals (A-3). Osteoporosis occurs due to decreased levels of oestrogen in females and is an age-related disorder of decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk (B-1). Tetany produces rapid spasms (wild contractions) in muscle when there are low Ca²⁺ ions in the blood (C-2). Muscular dystrophy is a progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle due mostly to a genetic disorder (D-5).

Question 10

Previous-year question
The chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the neuro-muscular junction, leading to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle, is called [NEET 2021]
  1. arthritis
  2. muscular dystrophy
  3. myasthenia gravis
  4. gout
Show answer
Answer: (C) myasthenia gravis
Explanation: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that leads to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue. It is caused by circulating antibodies that block acetylcholine receptors at the post-synaptic neuromuscular junctions.

Question 11

Previous-year question
Which of the following is a correct match for a disease and its symptoms? [NEET 2022]
  1. Tetany — High Ca²⁺ level causing rapid spasms
  2. Myasthenia gravis — Genetic disorder resulting in weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle
  3. Muscular dystrophy — An autoimmune disorder causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle
  4. Arthritis — Inflamed joints
Show answer
Answer: (D) Arthritis — Inflamed joints
Explanation: Arthritis is a disease causing painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints, so this pair is correct. The other three need correction: tetany is caused by a low Ca²⁺ level; myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder; and muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle.

Question 12

Previous-year question
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Osteoporosis is characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures. Reason (R): A common cause of osteoporosis is increased levels of oestrogen. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. [NEET 2022]
  1. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
  2. Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
  3. (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
  4. (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct.
Show answer
Answer: (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
Explanation: The Assertion is correct but the Reason is not. Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures, resulting from excessive reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus from bone. Its common cause is a decreased — not increased — level of oestrogen.

Question 13

Previous-year question
Select the correct statement with respect to disorders of muscles in humans. [1988]
  1. Accumulation of urea and creatine in the joints causes their inflammation
  2. Rapid contraction of skeletal muscles causes muscular dystrophy
  3. An overdose of vitamin D causes osteoporosis
  4. Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing
Show answer
Answer: (D) Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing
Explanation: In myasthenia gravis autoantibodies destroy the acetylcholine receptors of the motor end plate, so transmission fails and the muscles fatigue rapidly; the muscles of the eyelids, face and throat are affected early, which is why drooping eyelids and difficulty in swallowing are characteristic. Joint inflammation in gout is due to urate, and muscular dystrophy is genetic.

Question 14

Previous-year question
Select the correct statement with respect to locomotion in humans. [NEET, 2013]
  1. The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a fibrous joint
  2. A decreased level of progesterone causes osteoporosis in old people
  3. Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation
  4. The vertebral column has 10 thoracic vertebrae
Show answer
Answer: (C) Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation
Explanation: Deposition of uric acid (urate) crystals in joints causes gout, an inflammatory arthritis.

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