Morphology of Flowering Plants – Semi-Technical Description of a Typical Flowering Plant: NEET MCQs with Answers

15 free questions on Morphology of Flowering Plants – Semi-Technical Description of a Typical Flowering Plant for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

Syllabus covered: Semi-Technical Description of a Typical Flowering Plant

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Question 1

Previous-year question
⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2) is the floral formula of [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Sesbania
  2. Petunia
  3. Brassica
  4. Allium
Show answer
Answer: (B) Petunia
Explanation: This formula describes an actinomorphic bisexual flower with gamosepalous calyx, gamopetalous corolla, five epipetalous stamens and a bicarpellary syncarpous superior ovary — the Solanaceae pattern, to which Petunia belongs.

Question 2

Previous-year question
Match the following and indicate which is correct. [AIPMT 2000]
  1. Cucurbitaceae — Orange
  2. Malvaceae — Cotton
  3. Brassicaceae — Wheat
  4. Leguminosae — Sunflower
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Answer: (B) Malvaceae — Cotton
Explanation: Malvaceae is economically important for cotton, Corchorus (jute) and okra, so the pairing Malvaceae — Cotton is correct. Orange belongs to Rutaceae, wheat to Poaceae (Graminae) and sunflower to Asteraceae (Compositae).

Question 3

Previous-year question
Which of the following expresses the right appropriate pairing? [AIPMT 2000]
  1. Brassicaceae — Sunflower
  2. Malvaceae — Cotton
  3. Papilionaceae — Catechu
  4. Liliaceae — Wheat
Show answer
Answer: (B) Malvaceae — Cotton
Explanation: Cotton (Gossypium) is a member of Malvaceae, along with Hibiscus, okra and Corchorus. The other pairings are wrong: sunflower belongs to Compositae (Asteraceae), catechu to Mimosaceae, and wheat to Graminae (Poaceae).

Question 4

Previous-year question
Pentamerous actinomorphic flowers, a bicarpellary ovary with oblique septa, and a fruit that is a capsule or a berry are characteristic features of [AIPMT 2006] .
  1. Liliaceae
  2. Asteraceae
  3. Brassicaceae
  4. Solanaceae
Show answer
Answer: (D) Solanaceae
Explanation: These are the diagnostic features of Solanaceae. The gynoecium is bicarpellary and syncarpous, forming a superior bilocular ovary in which the septum is placed obliquely and the placenta is swollen; the fruit is a berry, as in tomato and brinjal, or a capsule, as in Datura.

Question 5

Previous-year question
The floral formula Br ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₅ G̲₍₂₎ is that of [AIPMT 2009] .
  1. Soyabean
  2. Sunhemp
  3. Tobacco
  4. Tulip
Show answer
Answer: (C) Tobacco
Explanation: The formula represents a bracteate, actinomorphic, bisexual flower with five gamosepalous sepals, five gamopetalous petals, five epipetalous stamens and a bicarpellary syncarpous superior ovary — the features of the family Solanaceae, to which tobacco belongs.

Question 6

Previous-year question
The correct floral formula of soyabean is [AIPMT 2010]
  1. % ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₁₊₍₂₎₊₂ A₍₉₎₊₁ G̲₁
  2. % ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₁₊₍₂₎₊₂ A₍₉₎₊₁ G₁
  3. % ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₁₊₂₊₍₂₎ A₍₉₎₊₁ G̲₁
  4. % ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₁₊₂₊₍₂₎ A₁₊₍₉₎ G̲₁
Show answer
Answer: (C) % ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₁₊₂₊₍₂₎ A₍₉₎₊₁ G̲₁
Explanation: Soyabean belongs to Leguminosae. Its flower is zygomorphic and bisexual, the calyx is gamosepalous with valvate aestivation, the corolla shows vexillary aestivation with one standard, two wings and two fused keel petals, the androecium is diadelphous (9 + 1) and the ovary is monocarpellary and superior.

Question 7

Previous-year question
The correct floral formula of chilli is [AIPMT 2011] .
  1. ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₅ G̲₍₂₎
  2. ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₍₅₎ G̲₂
  3. ⊕ ⚥ K₅ C₅ A₅ G̲₍₂₎
  4. ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₅ A₅ G̲₍₂₎
Show answer
Answer: (A) ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₅ G̲₍₂₎
Explanation: Chilli (Capsicum annuum) belongs to Solanaceae. Its flower is actinomorphic and bisexual, with five gamosepalous sepals showing valvate aestivation, five gamopetalous petals, five free epipetalous stamens, and a bicarpellary syncarpous bilocular superior ovary with axile placentation.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
Vexillary aestivation is characteristic of the family [AIPMT 2012]
  1. Fabaceae
  2. Asteraceae
  3. Solanaceae
  4. Brassicaceae
Show answer
Answer: (A) Fabaceae
Explanation: Vexillary or papilionaceous aestivation is a distinctive feature of the corolla of Fabaceae. The largest posterior petal, the vexillum or standard, overlaps two lateral petals called wings, which in turn overlap the two anterior boat-shaped petals that constitute the keel.

Question 9

Previous-year question
⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₅ G̲₍₂₎ is the floral formula of [AIPMT 2015] .
  1. Petunia
  2. Brassica
  3. Allium
  4. Sesbania
Show answer
Answer: (A) Petunia
Explanation: The given formula denotes an actinomorphic, bisexual flower with five united sepals, five united petals, five epipetalous stamens and a bicarpellary syncarpous superior ovary — the characteristics of Solanaceae, to which Petunia belongs. Allium is a member of Liliaceae, Sesbania of Leguminosae and Brassica of Cruciferae.

Question 10

Previous-year question
A tricarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium is found in the flowers of [NEET 2016] .
  1. Fabaceae
  2. Poaceae
  3. Liliaceae
  4. Solanaceae
Show answer
Answer: (C) Liliaceae
Explanation: Members of Liliaceae possess a tricarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovary that is trilocular with two to many ovules in each locule and axile placentation. Fabaceae has a monocarpellary ovary, Solanaceae a bicarpellary one and Poaceae a monocarpellary ovary with basal placentation.

Question 11

Previous-year question
A bicarpellary ovary with an obliquely placed septum is seen in [NEET 2019] .
  1. Sesbania
  2. Brassica
  3. Aloe
  4. Solanum
Show answer
Answer: (D) Solanum
Explanation: An obliquely placed septum in a bicarpellary, syncarpous ovary is the diagnostic feature of the family Solanaceae, to which Solanum (the potato family) belongs. The ovary is bilocular with a swollen axile placenta bearing many ovules.

Question 12

Previous-year question
Which of the following is the correct floral formula of the family Liliaceae? [NEET 2020] .
  1. % ⚥ C₁₊₂₊₍₂₎ A₍₉₎₊₁ G₁
  2. ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₁ G̲₁
  3. Br ⊕ ⚥ P₍₃₊₃₎ A₃₊₃ G̲₍₃₎
  4. ⊕ ⚥ K₍₅₎ C₍₅₎ A₅ G̲₍₂₎
Show answer
Answer: (C) Br ⊕ ⚥ P₍₃₊₃₎ A₃₊₃ G̲₍₃₎
Explanation: The Liliaceae flower is bracteate, actinomorphic and bisexual, with six tepals arranged in two whorls of three, six epitepalous stamens in two whorls, and a tricarpellary syncarpous superior ovary that is trilocular with axile placentation and a trifid stigma.

Question 13

Previous-year question
Which one of the following plants shows vexillary aestivation and diadelphous stamens? [NEET 2022]
  1. Pisum sativum
  2. Allium cepa
  3. Solanum nigrum
  4. Colchicum autumnale
Show answer
Answer: (A) Pisum sativum
Explanation: Pisum sativum belongs to Fabaceae. Its corolla has a large standard petal overlapping two wings which in turn overlap the two keel petals — vexillary aestivation — and its ten stamens are united into two bundles of nine plus one, that is, diadelphous.

Question 14

Previous-year question
Family Fabaceae differs from Solanaceae and Liliaceae. With respect to the stamens, pick out the characteristic that is specific to the family Fabaceae but is not found in Solanaceae or Liliaceae. [NEET 2023] .
  1. Polyadelphous and epipetalous stamens
  2. Monoadelphous and monothecous anthers
  3. Epiphyllous and dithecous anthers
  4. Diadelphous and dithecous anthers
Show answer
Answer: (D) Diadelphous and dithecous anthers
Explanation: Fabaceae is characterised by diadelphous stamens, in which nine filaments are fused into one bundle and the tenth remains free, and by dithecous (two-lobed) anthers. In Solanaceae the anthers are epipetalous and dehisce by apical pores, whereas in Liliaceae the stamens are epiphyllous and the anthers are basifixed or dorsifixed.

Question 15

Previous-year question
Which one of the following is a correct pair? [2006]
  1. Opuntia — predator
  2. Cuscuta — parasite
  3. Capsella — hydrophyte
  4. Dischidia — insectivorous
Show answer
Answer: (B) Cuscuta — parasite
Explanation: Cuscuta is a total stem parasite that has lost its leaves and chlorophyll and draws nutrition from the host through haustoria, so the pairing is correct. Opuntia is a xerophyte, Capsella a mesophytic weed and Dischidia an epiphyte with pitcher-like leaves that collect debris rather than trap insects.

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