Transgenic Animals and Ethical Issues: NEET MCQs with Answers

15 free questions on Transgenic Animals and Ethical Issues for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

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Question 1

Previous-year question
The first successfully cloned mammal that gained worldwide publicity was [AIPMT 2000]
  1. Molly (a sheep)
  2. Polly (a sheep)
  3. Chance (a bull)
  4. Dolly (a sheep)
Show answer
Answer: (D) Dolly (a sheep)
Explanation: Dolly, a sheep, was the first successfully cloned mammal that gained worldwide publicity.

Question 2

Previous-year question
Producing a giant mouse in the laboratory was made possible through [AIPMT 2000]
  1. gene mutation
  2. gene manipulation
  3. gene synthesis
  4. gene duplication
Show answer
Answer: (B) gene manipulation
Explanation: Transgenic mice, which are much larger than normal mice, have been produced in the laboratory by gene manipulation. This involves transferring genes into fertilised eggs as well as into stem cells.

Question 3

Previous-year question
Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing [AIPMT 2010]
  1. transgenic mice for testing the safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
  2. transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
  3. transgenic cow-Rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee
  4. animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power
Show answer
Answer: (A) transgenic mice for testing the safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
Explanation: Transgenic mice have been developed for testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. They are also used for testing the toxicity of drugs, as they carry genes that make them more sensitive to toxic substances, allowing results to be obtained in less time.

Question 4

Previous-year question
The maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of [AIPMT 2011]
  1. fish
  2. mice
  3. cow
  4. pig
Show answer
Answer: (B) mice
Explanation: Over 95% of all existing transgenic animals are mice. Animals whose DNA has been manipulated to possess and express an extra (foreign) gene are known as transgenic animals; rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows and fish have also been produced.

Question 5

Previous-year question
A ‘new’ variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, even though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to [NEET 2018]
  1. Lerma Rojo
  2. Sharbati Sonora
  3. Co-667
  4. Basmati
Show answer
Answer: (D) Basmati
Explanation: In 1997 an American company obtained patent rights on Basmati rice through the US Patent and Trademark Office, although this 'new' variety was derived from Indian farmers' varieties crossed with semi-dwarf varieties. Lerma Rojo and Sharbati Sonora are high-yielding wheat varieties, not rice.

Question 6

Previous-year question
In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is [NEET 2018]
  1. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
  2. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
  3. Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
  4. Research Committee on Genetic manipulation (RCGM)
Show answer
Answer: (C) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
Explanation: The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC), established under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, approves the introduction of genetically modified organisms for public use after considering the safety concerns involved.

Question 7

Previous-year question
The use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called [NEET 2018]
  1. bio-infringement
  2. biopiracy
  3. bioexploitation
  4. biodegradation
Show answer
Answer: (B) biopiracy
Explanation: Some organisations and multinational companies exploit or obtain patents for the biological resources of other nations without proper authorisation from the concerned countries; this practice is called biopiracy.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
Exploitation of the bioresources of a nation by multinational companies without authorisation from the concerned country is referred to as [NEET (Odisha) 2019]
  1. bioweapon
  2. biopiracy
  3. biowar
  4. bioethics
Show answer
Answer: (B) biopiracy
Explanation: Exploitation of bioresources of a nation without proper authorisation from the concerned country is biopiracy. For example, a patent granted in the USA covering the entire basmati rice germplasm of our country was an instance of biopiracy.

Question 9

Previous-year question
The laws and rules framed to prevent unauthorised exploitation of bioresources are termed [NEET (Oct.) 2020]
  1. biopatenting
  2. bioethics
  3. bioengineering
  4. biopiracy
Show answer
Answer: (A) biopatenting
Explanation: Biopatenting is the granting of patents on biological products, organisms, processes or bioresources. Biopatenting laws and regulations often include provisions to prevent unauthorised exploitation of bioresources by requiring patents for inventions derived from those resources.

Question 10

Previous-year question
Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing [2011]
  1. transgenic cows such as Rosie, producing high-fat milk for making ghee
  2. transgenic mice for testing the safety of the polio vaccine before its use in humans
  3. animals such as bulls for farm work, having superior power
  4. transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
Show answer
Answer: (B) transgenic mice for testing the safety of the polio vaccine before its use in humans
Explanation: Transgenic mice are used to test the safety of the polio vaccine, and if the results prove reliable they may replace the monkeys formerly required. The cow Rosie produced milk enriched in human alpha-lactalbumin, a protein supplement, not high-fat milk.

Question 11

Previous-year question
The maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of [2010]
  1. cows
  2. fish
  3. pigs
  4. mice
Show answer
Answer: (D) mice
Explanation: Mice are used far more than any other transgenic animal because they breed rapidly, are cheap to maintain, and their genome is well characterised and readily manipulated. They serve chiefly as models of human disease and for testing safety.

Question 12

Previous-year question
(NEET 2022-II) Milk of transgenic cow Rosie was nutritionally better for human babies because it contained:
  1. Human ADA
  2. Human α-1-antitrypsin
  3. Human alpha-lactalbumin
  4. Human IGF
Show answer
Answer: (C) Human alpha-lactalbumin
Explanation: Rosie's milk had human alpha-lactalbumin.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a use of transgenic animals?
  1. Producing useful human proteins such as α-1-antitrypsin
  2. Testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans
  3. Serving as models for human diseases to investigate new treatments
  4. Protecting cotton crops from attack by bollworms
Show answer
Answer: (D) Protecting cotton crops from attack by bollworms
Explanation: Transgenic animals are used to produce biological products such as α-1-antitrypsin, to test vaccine and chemical safety, and as models for human diseases. Protection of cotton from bollworms is achieved with a transgenic plant, Bt cotton, which carries cry genes from Bacillus thuringiensis, not with a transgenic animal.

Question 14

Statement I: Transgenic animals are used to study complex factors involved in growth, such as insulin-like growth factor. Statement II: Transgenic animals are specially made to serve as models for human diseases so that new treatments can be investigated. Choose the correct option.
  1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  4. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (C) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Explanation: Transgenic animals allow study of how genes and factors such as insulin-like growth factor affect normal development. They are also built as models of human diseases such as cancer, cystic fibrosis and Alzheimer's disease so that new treatments can be tested.

Question 15

Statement I: Rosie, the first transgenic buffalo, produced milk enriched with human beta-lactalbumin. Statement II: Manipulation of living organisms by humans cannot go on any further without regulation. Choose the correct option.
  1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  3. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Show answer
Answer: (C) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Explanation: Rosie was the first transgenic cow, not a buffalo, and her milk was enriched with human alpha-lactalbumin. It is correct that genetic manipulation of organisms needs ethical standards and regulation.

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