Reproduction (Plants) – Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: NEET MCQs with Answers

15 free questions on Reproduction (Plants) – Sexual reproduction in flowering plants for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

Syllabus covered: Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes;

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Question 1

Previous-year question
Female gametophyte of angiosperms is represented by [AIPMT 1990]
  1. ovule
  2. megaspore mother cell
  3. embryo sac
  4. nucellus
Show answer
Answer: (C) embryo sac
Explanation: In angiosperms the female gametophyte is the embryo sac, produced by mitotic divisions of the functional megaspore formed after meiosis of the megaspore mother cell. The ovule and nucellus are sporophytic structures.

Question 2

Previous-year question
Embryo sac occurs in [AIPMT 1991]
  1. embryo
  2. axis part of embryo
  3. ovule
  4. endosperm
Show answer
Answer: (C) ovule
Explanation: The embryo sac (female gametophyte) develops inside the nucellus of the ovule from the functional megaspore. It is therefore located within the ovule, which itself lies inside the ovary.

Question 3

Previous-year question
Point out the odd one [AIPMT 1991]
  1. nucellus
  2. embryo sac
  3. micropyle
  4. pollen grain
Show answer
Answer: (D) pollen grain
Explanation: The nucellus, embryo sac and micropyle are all parts of the ovule (female side). The pollen grain is the immature male gametophyte formed in the anther, so it is the odd one out.

Question 4

Previous-year question
Meiosis is best observed in dividing [AIPMT 1992]
  1. cells of apical meristem
  2. cells of lateral meristem
  3. microspores and anther wall
  4. microsporocytes
Show answer
Answer: (D) microsporocytes
Explanation: Microsporocytes (microspore mother cells) are the diploid cells of the anther that undergo meiosis to form microspore tetrads. Meristematic cells and anther wall layers divide only mitotically, and microspores themselves divide mitotically.

Question 5

Previous-year question
Number of meiotic divisions required to produce 200/400 seeds of pea would be [AIPMT 1993]
  1. 200/400
  2. 400/800
  3. 300/600
  4. 250/500
Show answer
Answer: (D) 250/500
Explanation: 200 seeds need 200 pollen grains and 200 embryo sacs. 200 pollen grains come from 50 microspore mother cells (50 meioses) and 200 embryo sacs from 200 megaspore mother cells (200 meioses), giving 250 meiotic divisions; correspondingly 400 seeds need 100 + 400 = 500 meioses.

Question 6

Previous-year question
Ovule is straight with funiculus, embryo sac, chalaza and micropyle lying on one straight line. It is [AIPMT 1993]
  1. orthotropous
  2. anatropous
  3. campylotropous
  4. amphitropous
Show answer
Answer: (A) orthotropous
Explanation: In the orthotropous (atropous) ovule the body of the ovule stands erect over the funicle so that the funicle, chalaza, embryo sac and micropyle all lie in one straight line, e.g. in Polygonaceae and Piperaceae.

Question 7

Previous-year question
In an angiosperm, how many microspore mother cells are required to produce 100 pollen grains? [AIPMT 1995]
  1. 25
  2. 50
  3. 75
  4. 100
Show answer
Answer: (A) 25
Explanation: One microspore mother cell yields four pollen grains after meiosis. To obtain 100 pollen grains, 100 ÷ 4 = 25 microspore mother cells are required.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
How many pollen grains will be formed after meiotic division in 10 microspore mother cells? [AIPMT 1996]
  1. 10
  2. 20
  3. 40
  4. 80
Show answer
Answer: (C) 40
Explanation: Each microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to form a tetrad of four microspores, each of which matures into a pollen grain. Therefore 10 × 4 = 40 pollen grains are produced.

Question 9

Previous-year question
Eight nucleate embryo sacs are [AIPMT 2000]
  1. always tetrasporic
  2. always monosporic
  3. always bisporic
  4. sometimes monosporic, sometimes bisporic and sometimes tetrasporic
Show answer
Answer: (D) sometimes monosporic, sometimes bisporic and sometimes tetrasporic
Explanation: An 8-nucleate embryo sac may develop from one megaspore (monosporic, e.g. Polygonum), from two nuclei of a dyad (bisporic, e.g. Allium) or from all four megaspore nuclei (tetrasporic, e.g. Adoxa). Hence it may be monosporic, bisporic or tetrasporic.

Question 10

Previous-year question
In grasses, what happens in microspore mother cell for the formation of mature pollen grains? [AIPMT 2001]
  1. One meiotic and two mitotic divisions
  2. One meiotic and one mitotic divisions
  3. One meiotic division
  4. One mitotic division
Show answer
Answer: (A) One meiotic and two mitotic divisions
Explanation: To produce a mature pollen grain, the microspore mother cell divides once by meiosis to give four microspores. Each microspore then divides mitotically into a vegetative and a generative cell, and in grasses the generative cell divides again before shedding, so the pollen is shed at the 3-celled stage.

Question 11

Previous-year question
What is the direction of micropyle in anatropous ovule? [AIPMT 2002]
  1. Upward
  2. Downward
  3. Right
  4. Left
Show answer
Answer: (B) Downward
Explanation: In an anatropous ovule the body of the ovule is completely inverted through 180°, so the micropyle is turned downwards and comes to lie close beside the hilum and funicle.

Question 12

Previous-year question
In angiosperms, all the four microspores of tetrad are covered by a layer which is formed by [AIPMT 2002]
  1. pectocellulose
  2. callose
  3. cellulose
  4. sporopollenin
Show answer
Answer: (B) callose
Explanation: Callose deposition begins in the pollen mother cell as it enters meiosis and is completed by the end of the first meiotic division, so that all four microspores of the tetrad lie within a common callose wall until it dissolves.

Question 13

Previous-year question
In a flowering plant, archesporium gives rise to [AIPMT 2003]
  1. only tapetum and sporogenous cells
  2. only the wall of the sporangium
  3. both wall and the sporogenous cells
  4. wall and the tapetum
Show answer
Answer: (C) both wall and the sporogenous cells
Explanation: The archesporial cells divide periclinally to cut off an outer primary parietal layer and an inner primary sporogenous layer. The parietal layer forms the anther wall layers including the tapetum, while the sporogenous cells give rise to the microspore mother cells.

Question 14

Previous-year question
An ovule which becomes curved so that the nucellus and embryo sac lie at right angles to the funicle is [AIPMT 2004]
  1. hemitropous
  2. campylotropous
  3. anatropous
  4. orthotropous
Show answer
Answer: (A) hemitropous
Explanation: In the hemitropous (hemianatropous) ovule the body of the ovule is turned through about 90° so that the nucellus and embryo sac lie at right angles to the funicle, e.g. in Ranunculaceae and Primulaceae.

Question 15

Previous-year question
Anthesis is a phenomenon which refers to [AIPMT 2004]
  1. reception of pollen by stigma
  2. formation of pollen
  3. development of anther
  4. opening of flower bud
Show answer
Answer: (D) opening of flower bud
Explanation: Anthesis is the opening of the flower bud so that the mature reproductive organs are exposed. Reception of pollen by the stigma is pollination and formation of pollen is microsporogenesis.

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