Reproduction (Plants) – Double Fertilisation: NEET MCQs with Answers

15 free questions on Reproduction (Plants) – Double Fertilisation for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

Syllabus covered: Double Fertilisation

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Question 1

Previous-year question
Syngamy means [AIPMT 1991]
  1. fusion of gametes
  2. fusion of cytoplasms
  3. fusion of two similar spores
  4. fusion of two dissimilar spores
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Answer: (A) fusion of gametes
Explanation: Syngamy is the complete fusion of two gametes to produce a zygote. In angiosperms it is the fusion of one male gamete with the egg cell and is an essential feature of sexual reproduction.

Question 2

Previous-year question
Double fertilisation is fusion of [AIPMT 1991]
  1. two eggs
  2. two eggs and polar nuclei with pollen nuclei
  3. one male gamete with egg and other with synergid
  4. one male gamete with egg and other with secondary nucleus
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Answer: (D) one male gamete with egg and other with secondary nucleus
Explanation: In double fertilisation one male gamete fuses with the egg to form the diploid zygote and the second male gamete fuses with the secondary (diploid) nucleus of the central cell to form the triploid primary endosperm nucleus.

Question 3

Previous-year question
Double fertilisation and triple fusion were discovered by [AIPMT 1993, 1988]
  1. Hofmeister
  2. Nawaschin and Guignard
  3. Leeuwenhoek
  4. Strasburger
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Answer: (B) Nawaschin and Guignard
Explanation: Double fertilisation was discovered by S. G. Nawaschin in 1898 in Fritillaria and Lilium, and was confirmed by L. Guignard in 1899. Syngamy and triple fusion occur simultaneously in angiosperms, and this is what is called double fertilisation.

Question 4

Previous-year question
If an angiospermic male plant is diploid and female plant is tetraploid, the ploidy level of endosperm will be [AIPMT 1993]
  1. haploid
  2. triploid
  3. tetraploid
  4. pentaploid
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Answer: (D) pentaploid
Explanation: A diploid male gives a haploid (n) male gamete. A tetraploid female gives diploid polar nuclei, so two polar nuclei contribute 2n + 2n = 4n. Endosperm = n + 4n = 5n, i.e. pentaploid.

Question 5

Previous-year question
Fertilisation involving carrying of male gametes by pollen tube is [AIPMT 1994]
  1. porogamy
  2. siphonogamy
  3. syngonogamy
  4. syngamy
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Answer: (B) siphonogamy
Explanation: Siphonogamy is fertilisation in which the non-motile male gametes are carried to the egg by a pollen tube. It was described by Strasburger (1884) and is characteristic of seed plants.

Question 6

Previous-year question
In angiosperms, triple fusion is required for the formation of [AIPMT 1996]
  1. embryo
  2. endosperm
  3. seed coat
  4. fruit wall
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Answer: (B) endosperm
Explanation: Triple fusion — the union of one male gamete with the two polar nuclei — produces the primary endosperm nucleus, which subsequently develops into the endosperm. The embryo arises from the zygote formed by syngamy.

Question 7

Previous-year question
The role of double fertilisation in angiosperms is to produce [AIPMT 1998, 1996]
  1. cotyledons
  2. endocarp
  3. endosperm
  4. integuments
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Answer: (C) endosperm
Explanation: Double fertilisation results in the formation of a diploid zygote and a triploid primary endosperm nucleus. The endosperm is the special product of double fertilisation and provides nourishment for the developing embryo.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
Endosperm is formed during the double fertilisation by [AIPMT 2000]
  1. two polar nuclei and one male gamete
  2. one polar nuclei and one male gamete
  3. ovum and male gamete
  4. two polar nuclei and two male gametes
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Answer: (A) two polar nuclei and one male gamete
Explanation: During triple fusion the second male gamete unites with the two polar nuclei of the central cell. The resulting triploid primary endosperm nucleus divides repeatedly to form the nutritive endosperm tissue.

Question 9

Previous-year question
Double fertilisation leading to initiation of endosperm in angiosperms require [AIPMT 2000]
  1. fusion of one polar nuclei and the second male gamete only
  2. fusion of two polar nuclei and the second male gamete
  3. fusion of four or more polar nuclei and the second male gamete only
  4. all of the above kinds of fusion in different angiosperms
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Answer: (B) fusion of two polar nuclei and the second male gamete
Explanation: Endosperm initiation requires triple fusion, in which the second male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei (or with the diploid secondary nucleus formed from them) to give the triploid primary endosperm nucleus.

Question 10

Previous-year question
In angiosperms pollen tubes liberate their male gametes into the [AIPMT 2002]
  1. central cell
  2. antipodal cell
  3. egg cell
  4. synergid
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Answer: (D) synergid
Explanation: The pollen tube enters the embryo sac through a synergid and releases both male gametes into it. From the synergid one gamete moves to the egg and the other to the central cell, completing double fertilisation.

Question 11

Previous-year question
A diploid female plant and a tetraploid male plant are crossed. The ploidy of endosperm shall be [AIPMT 2004]
  1. tetraploid
  2. triploid
  3. diploid
  4. pentaploid
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Answer: (A) tetraploid
Explanation: A diploid (2n) female gives haploid polar nuclei, so the two polar nuclei together contribute n + n = 2n. A tetraploid (4n) male gives a diploid (2n) male gamete. Endosperm = 2n + 2n = 4n, i.e. tetraploid.

Question 12

Previous-year question
Through which cell of the embryo sac, does the pollen tube enter the embryo sac? [AIPMT 2005]
  1. egg cell
  2. persistant synergid
  3. degenerated synergid
  4. central cell
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Answer: (C) degenerated synergid
Explanation: The pollen tube is guided by the filiform apparatus and enters one of the two synergids, which degenerates on its arrival. The tube then discharges the two male gametes into this degenerated synergid.

Question 13

Previous-year question
Double fertilisation is exhibited by [NEET 2017]
  1. gymnosperms
  2. algae
  3. fungi
  4. angiosperms
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Answer: (D) angiosperms
Explanation: Double fertilisation is the characteristic and unique feature of angiosperms. Gymnosperms show only simple fertilisation and do not form a triploid endosperm.

Question 14

Previous-year question
Double fertilisation is [NEET 2018]
  1. fusion of two male gametes with one egg
  2. fusion of one male gamete with two polar nuclei
  3. fusion of two male gametes of pollen tube with two different eggs
  4. syngamy and triple fusion
Show answer
Answer: (D) syngamy and triple fusion
Explanation: Double fertilisation is the fusion of the two male gametes with two different cells of the same female gametophyte. It comprises syngamy (male gamete + egg → zygote) and triple fusion (male gamete + two polar nuclei → primary endosperm nucleus).

Question 15

Previous-year question
What is the fate of the male gametes discharged in the synergid? [NEET 2023]
  1. One fuses with the egg and other fuses with central cell nuclei
  2. One fuses with the egg, other(s) degenerates in the synergid
  3. All fuse with the egg
  4. One fuses with the egg, other(s) fuses with synergid nucleus
Show answer
Answer: (A) One fuses with the egg and other fuses with central cell nuclei
Explanation: The pollen tube discharges both male gametes into a synergid. One gamete fuses with the egg cell (syngamy) to form the zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei of the central cell (triple fusion) to form the primary endosperm nucleus.

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