Microbes in Energy generation: NEET MCQs with Answers

9 free questions on Microbes in Energy generation for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

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Question 1

Previous-year question
The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the dung of ruminant animals include the [NEET 2016]
  1. Halophiles
  2. Thermoacidophiles
  3. Methanogens
  4. Eubacteria
Show answer
Answer: (C) Methanogens
Explanation: Methanogens are archaebacteria that grow anaerobically on cellulosic material and release methane; halophiles live in salty habitats and thermoacidophiles in hot springs.

Question 2

Previous-year question
The guts of cow and buffalo possess [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Chlorella spp
  2. Methanogens
  3. Cyanobacteria
  4. Fucus spp
Show answer
Answer: (B) Methanogens
Explanation: Methanogens such as Methanobacterium live in the rumen of cattle, where they help to digest cellulose and release methane; their presence makes cattle dung ideal for biogas plants.

Question 3

Previous-year question
What gases are produced in anaerobic sludge digesters? [AIPMT 2014]
  1. Methane and CO2 only
  2. Methane, hydrogen sulphide and CO2
  3. Methane, hydrogen sulphide and O2
  4. Hydrogen sulphide and CO2
Show answer
Answer: (B) Methane, hydrogen sulphide and CO2
Explanation: Anaerobic digestion of sludge produces a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide (with some hydrogen) — collectively called biogas.

Question 4

Previous-year question
During anaerobic digestion of organic waste, such as in the production of biogas, which one of the following is left undegraded? [AIPMT 2003]
  1. Hemicellulose
  2. Cellulose
  3. Lipids
  4. Lignin
Show answer
Answer: (D) Lignin
Explanation: During anaerobic digestion in a biogas plant, cellulose and hemicellulose are slowly broken down by microbes, but lignin, a complex phenolic polymer, is highly resistant to anaerobic degradation and is left largely undegraded.

Question 5

Previous-year question
Which one of the following is being utilised as a source of bio-diesel in the Indian countryside? [AIPMT 2007]
  1. Euphorbia
  2. Beet root
  3. Sugarcane
  4. Pongamia
Show answer
Answer: (D) Pongamia
Explanation: Jatropha and Pongamia are considered the sources that can meet the growing demand for biodiesel in India owing to their high productivity and short maturity cycle. Seeds of Pongamia contain 30 to 40% oil, which can be converted into biodiesel.

Question 6

Previous-year question
Organisms called methanogens are most abundant in a [AIPMT 2011]
  1. cattle yard
  2. polluted stream
  3. hot spring
  4. sulphur rock
Show answer
Answer: (A) cattle yard
Explanation: Methanogens are most abundant in a cattle yard. They are present in the gut of ruminants such as cows and buffaloes and are responsible for the production of methane (biogas) from the dung of these animals.

Question 7

Previous-year question
In gobar gas, the maximum amount is that of [AIPMT 2012]
  1. butane
  2. methane
  3. propane
  4. carbon dioxide
Show answer
Answer: (B) methane
Explanation: Biogas or gobar gas is a methane-rich fuel produced by the anaerobic digestion of biomass with the help of methanogenic bacteria. It is made up of 50–70% methane, 30–40% carbon dioxide and traces of nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
The guts of cow and buffalo possess [AIPMT 2015]
  1. methanogens
  2. cyanobacteria
  3. Fucus sp.
  4. Chlorella sp.
Show answer
Answer: (A) methanogens
Explanation: Methanogens such as Methanobacterium are found in the rumen of cattle. A lot of cellulosic material is available there, and these bacteria help in the breakdown of cellulose, playing an important role in the nutrition of cattle.

Question 9

Previous-year question
Which of the following statements about methanogens is NOT correct? [NEET (Odisha) 2019]
  1. They can be used to produce biogas
  2. They are found in the rumen of cattle and in their excreta
  3. They grow aerobically and break down cellulose-rich food
  4. They produce methane gas
Show answer
Answer: (C) They grow aerobically and break down cellulose-rich food
Explanation: Methanogens such as Methanobacterium are strict anaerobes; they grow anaerobically on cellulosic material in the rumen of cattle and in sludge, producing large amounts of methane along with CO2 and H2, which is why they are used to produce biogas.

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