Health and Diseases – Common Diseases in Human: NEET MCQs with Answers

15 free questions on Health and Diseases – Common Diseases in Human for NEET (UG), starting with previous-year NEET and AIPMT questions. Try each one, then tap Show answer for the answer and a short explanation.

Syllabus covered: Common Diseases in Human: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm, dengue, chikungunya);

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Question 1

Previous-year question
The infectious stage of Plasmodium that enters the human body is the [NEET 2020]
  1. Sporozoite
  2. Female gametocyte
  3. Male gametocyte
  4. Trophozoite
Show answer
Answer: (A) Sporozoite
Explanation: Sporozoites stored in the salivary glands of the female Anopheles are injected into the human blood during the bite. They reach the liver cells, multiply and then attack the red blood cells; gametocytes are the stage picked up by the mosquito.

Question 2

Previous-year question
Match the diseases in Column-I with their causative organisms in Column-II. Column-I: (A) Typhoid, (B) Pneumonia, (C) Filariasis, (D) Malaria. Column-II: (i) Wuchereria, (ii) Plasmodium, (iii) Salmonella, (iv) Haemophilus. [NEET 2020]
  1. A–(iii), B–(iv), C–(i), D–(ii)
  2. A–(ii), B–(i), C–(iii), D–(iv)
  3. A–(iv), B–(i), C–(ii), D–(iii)
  4. A–(i), B–(iii), C–(ii), D–(iv)
Show answer
Answer: (A) A–(iii), B–(iv), C–(i), D–(ii)
Explanation: Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, pneumonia by Haemophilus influenzae (and Streptococcus pneumoniae), filariasis by Wuchereria bancrofti and malaria by Plasmodium.

Question 3

Previous-year question
Identify the correct pair representing the causative agent of typhoid fever and the confirmatory test for typhoid. [NEET 2019]
  1. Plasmodium vivax / UTI test
  2. Streptococcus pneumoniae / Widal test
  3. Salmonella typhi / Anthrone test
  4. Salmonella typhi / Widal test
Show answer
Answer: (D) Salmonella typhi / Widal test
Explanation: Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, which enters through contaminated food and water and reaches the small intestine and then other organs through the blood. Its confirmatory diagnosis is by the Widal test.

Question 4

Previous-year question
Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder? [NEET 2018]
  1. Anthracis
  2. Silicosis
  3. Emphysema
  4. Botulism
Show answer
Answer: (B) Silicosis
Explanation: Silicosis results from long-term inhalation of silica dust in industries such as grinding and stone crushing, producing fibrosis of the upper part of the lungs. It is therefore an occupational respiratory disorder.

Question 5

Previous-year question
Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively? [NEET 2018]
  1. Inflammation of bronchioles; decreased respiratory surface
  2. Increased number of bronchioles; increased respiratory surface
  3. Decreased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles
  4. Increased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles
Show answer
Answer: (A) Inflammation of bronchioles; decreased respiratory surface
Explanation: Asthma involves inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles with difficulty in breathing and wheezing. In emphysema the alveolar walls are damaged and break down, which decreases the total respiratory surface available for gas exchange.

Question 6

Previous-year question
In which disease does a mosquito-borne pathogen cause chronic inflammation of the lymphatic vessels? [NEET 2018]
  1. Elephantiasis
  2. Ascariasis
  3. Amoebiasis
  4. Ringworm disease
Show answer
Answer: (A) Elephantiasis
Explanation: Elephantiasis (filariasis) is caused by the filarial worms Wuchereria bancrofti and W. malayi, transmitted by Culex and other mosquitoes. The worms live in the lymphatic vessels for years, producing chronic inflammation and gross swelling of the limbs.

Question 7

Previous-year question
Match the sexually transmitted diseases in Column-I with their causative agents in Column-II. Column-I: (A) Gonorrhoea, (B) Syphilis, (C) Genital warts, (D) AIDS. Column-II: (I) HIV, (II) Neisseria, (III) Treponema, (IV) Human papilloma virus. [NEET 2017]
  1. A–III, B–IV, C–I, D–II
  2. A–IV, B–II, C–III, D–I
  3. A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I
  4. A–II, B–III, C–I, D–IV
Show answer
Answer: (C) A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I
Explanation: Gonorrhoea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis by Treponema pallidum, genital warts by the human papilloma virus and AIDS by the human immunodeficiency virus.
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Question 8

Previous-year question
Which of the following viruses is NOT transferred through the semen of an infected male? [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Human immunodeficiency virus
  2. Chikungunya virus
  3. Ebola virus
  4. Hepatitis B virus
Show answer
Answer: (B) Chikungunya virus
Explanation: Chikungunya virus is transmitted only through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes and not through semen. HIV, Ebola virus and hepatitis B virus can all be transmitted through body fluids including semen.

Question 9

Previous-year question
Select the wrong statement. [AIPMT 2015]
  1. W. M. Stanley showed that viruses could be crystallised
  2. The term 'contagium vivum fluidum' was coined by M. W. Beijerinck
  3. Mosaic disease in tobacco and AIDS in human beings are caused by viruses
  4. Viroids were discovered by D. J. Ivanowski
Show answer
Answer: (D) Viroids were discovered by D. J. Ivanowski
Explanation: Viroids were discovered by T. O. Diener, who showed that the potato spindle tuber disease agent is a free RNA lacking a protein coat. D. J. Ivanowski only demonstrated the filterable nature of the tobacco mosaic pathogen.

Question 10

Previous-year question
Which of the following endoparasites of humans shows viviparity? [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Enterobius vermicularis
  2. Trichinella spiralis
  3. Ascaris lumbricoides
  4. Ancylostoma duodenale
Show answer
Answer: (B) Trichinella spiralis
Explanation: Trichinella spiralis is viviparous — the fertilised female releases living larvae directly into the intestinal mucosa, from where they migrate to striated muscle. The other three nematodes lay eggs.

Question 11

Previous-year question
The active form of Entamoeba histolytica feeds upon [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Mucosa and submucosa of the colon only
  2. Food present in the intestine
  3. Blood only
  4. Erythrocytes as well as the mucosa and submucosa of the colon
Show answer
Answer: (D) Erythrocytes as well as the mucosa and submucosa of the colon
Explanation: The trophozoite (active form) of Entamoeba histolytica invades the wall of the large intestine, feeding on the mucosa and submucosa, and also engulfs erythrocytes, which is why the stool contains blood and mucus.

Question 12

Previous-year question
Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted disease? [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
  2. Trichomoniasis
  3. Encephalitis
  4. Syphilis
Show answer
Answer: (C) Encephalitis
Explanation: Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by viruses that are usually transmitted by mosquitoes, not by sexual contact. AIDS, trichomoniasis and syphilis are all sexually transmitted.

Question 13

Previous-year question
Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan? [AIPMT 2015]
  1. Influenza
  2. Babesiosis
  3. Blastomycosis
  4. Syphilis
Show answer
Answer: (B) Babesiosis
Explanation: Babesiosis is caused by Babesia, a protozoan parasite of red blood cells transmitted by ticks. Influenza is viral, blastomycosis is fungal and syphilis is bacterial.

Question 14

Previous-year question
Malarial fever coincides with the liberation of [AIPMT 1989]
  1. cryptomerozoites
  2. metacryptomerozoites
  3. merozoites
  4. trophozoites
Show answer
Answer: (C) merozoites
Explanation: Merozoites are the progeny of sporozoites formed in the liver. Several days after infection they are released into the blood stream where they infect red blood cells and burst the erythrocytes, and this rupture, with release of haemozoin, causes the cycles of fever.

Question 15

Previous-year question
The infective stage of the malarial parasite Plasmodium that enters the human body is the [AIPMT 1989]
  1. merozoite
  2. sporozoite
  3. trophozoite
  4. minuta form
Show answer
Answer: (B) sporozoite
Explanation: Sporozoites are small, spindle-shaped, uninucleate bodies present in the salivary glands of the mosquito. They are inoculated with the saliva into the blood stream of man, where they reach the liver and undergo schizogony.

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